Indoor plumbing is essential to drain used water and waste from the building. Its construction is one of the most important stages in the construction of a house. It should be reliable, leak-proof and trouble-free. 

Sewerage system in the house.

As you know, a compulsory element of any residential building is the plumbing system. It is difficult to imagine a house, flat or office without access to running water, which arrives there precisely thanks to the water system. Used water and sewage must be disposed of via the sewage system. However, in order for the disposal of domestic wastewater to run smoothly, the sewer system itself must work reliably and smoothly.

Internal sewer components.

The basic elements of the internal sewerage system are pipes and various fittings such as tees, elbows, reductions, plugs and caps. These are indispensable for creating a sewer system. Our range of products also includes cleaners, which are used for inspection inside the sewer network, and aerators, which ensure the correct flow of sewage in systems where it is not possible to use exhaust vents on the sewer risers. The connecting element between the sewer system and the sanitary appliance is the odour trap, which prevents unpleasant odours from penetrating.

Internal sewers - types of pipes used.

The most common choice for installers is pipes made of polypropylene (PP) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It is polypropylene (PP) that is one of the most popular plastics used in sewerage. These pipes are resistant to household chemicals and fairly high temperatures, which, depending on the type of pipe, should not exceed 60°C, and if they have increased heat resistance - even up to 95°C. They are inexpensive, lightweight, do not corrode and are resistant to sedimentation. Various types of fittings are used to join the pipes, with gaskets to ensure that the system is watertight. When deciding on this type of sewer system, it is important to always install it according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Advantages of PP sewer pipes.

• have very good hydraulic characteristics
• are light
• they are quick and easy to install
• are resistant to the damaging effects of domestic waste water
• non-corrosive
• have a variety of sizes and shapes

Internal sewer pipe diameters.

Standard sizes for internal sewer pipes and fittings are; 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 75mm and 110mm. The optimum size of sewer pipes is calculated by the estimated volume of sewage flowing through the pipe depending on the type of appliance connected to the sewer outlet. As a rule of thumb, however, an approach for a single sanitary appliance must have a diameter at least as large as its outlet. On the other hand, approaches that collect wastewater from several appliances must have a diameter at least as large as the largest outlet. In PP sewerage systems, it is possible to combine elements of different diameters. For the transition from smaller to larger pipe sizes, the following are used reductions sewer or reducer tees available in our range.

Types of fittings for internal drains.

In addition to sewer reductions, a whole range of fittings in various diameters is available in our range, useful for creating a sewer system:

• sewer elbow -in order to change the direction of the pipeline under construction, it is necessary to install a Sewer elbow with the right angle.
• T-piece, sewer tee- are used to connect successive pipes together. Both elbows and tees allow pipes to be connected at different angles.
• cork- is designed to plug the socket of a sewer pipe.

Low-noise internal sewers - the way to go for pipe noise.

If you want the quietest possible wastewater flow, you can use low-noise sewer components, which we have written about here. This system makes it possible to reduce noise to a minimum. In Poland, the use of low-noise sewerage systems is not compulsory, but the higher comfort of use argues in favour of this type of solution. Low-noise sewerage systems are particularly suitable for buildings such as hotels, flat blocks and high-rise office buildings. Available in our offer low-noise pipes are manufactured from sound-absorbing materials that reduce the transmission of sound waves to other parts of the building. Although low-noise sewers will provide greater acoustic comfort than standard sewers, we must remember to install them correctly. Particular attention should be paid to the selection of mounting clamps, which in such systems are designed to minimise the amount of vibration transmitted from the pipe surface to the building's structural elements.

Where does the disposed waste go?

Once sanitary sewage has been collected by the internal sewer system from the entire building, it then goes to:

• external drainage network,
• domestic wastewater treatment plant
• a septic tank, the construction of which is necessary when the municipality does not guarantee access to the sewage network.

Internal drains - How do you look after them?

In order to prevent the sewerage system from failing, it is important to take proper care of it. Some of the substances that accumulate in the sewer system will adversely affect it, often creating blockages. Regular servicing can effectively protect against this.

Remember!

Do not throw unsuitable waste down the drain, which can clog the entire sewer system. Used tissues, food scraps and oily substances are best disposed of by throwing them in the rubbish. It is a good idea to install a special mesh on the shower drain to prevent hair from entering the sewer system. In the event of an obstruction, use a special pipe cleaner. If this does not help, a visit from a plumber will be necessary. In areas where there may be low ambient temperatures, it is also a good idea to frost-proof the sewer system. lagging of insulating materials.

The most common mistakes made when installing internal drains:

• selection of unsuitable pipe diameters
• incorrect pipe gradients and angles
• faulty or missing siphons
• incorrectly connected pipes
• if the system is not properly ventilated, underpressure can occur in the system pulling water out of the traps, making them ineffective

We have provided more information on this topic in our other article.

Summary

The sewage system is an essential part of any building. Its purpose is to block unpleasant odours and the noise associated with sewage disposal. For this reason, it is worth ensuring that it is installed correctly and that high-quality products are used to create the sewage network.